As a follow-up to the institutional reform of the State Council in 2008, the National Energy Commission was recently established. After the establishment of the National Energy Commission, it will become the highest level energy agency in China, which means that the Chinese government puts its energy strategy at the height of national security. Energy has involved China's core national interests, and the National Energy Commission will play an important role in safeguarding China's national security.
The National Energy Administration has begun to draft the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” for China's energy. According to the National Energy Administration's planning and drafting plan for various departments and energy companies, during the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” period, the primary task is to cultivate and develop new energy industries. These include renewable energy such as nuclear power, hydropower, wind, solar and bioenergy. The establishment of the National Energy Commission has reversed the current dilemma of energy management, and the development of a low-carbon economy has naturally become a new driving force for the sustainable development of the Chinese economy.
China's energy security is increasingly challenged
Continued growth in energy demand is putting a lot of pressure on energy supply. Statistics show that China has become the world's second largest energy producer and consumer. In 2007, China's energy consumption increased by half of the world. As the economy expands further, energy demand will continue to increase rapidly. The Chinese Academy of Sciences' research report uses the multi-regional input-output energy demand scenario analysis model to consider China's major factors affecting energy demand and predict China's energy demand in 2020. The results show that China's energy demand will reach 2.888 billion to 3.88 billion tons of standard coal in 2020. By then, the raw coal gap will be about 321 to 117 million tons, and there will be huge gaps in oil and natural gas. Therefore, energy is a prominent bottleneck restricting economic and social development in the current and future period of China.
Since China became an oil importing country in 1993, its dependence on foreign energy has gradually increased, reaching 45% in 2006, and it has risen by about 2 percentage points every year since then. In 2007, it was 47%, and in 2008 it was 49%. . Recent data show that in 2009 China's crude oil output was 189 million tons, and net imports of crude oil were 199 million tons. According to this calculation, China's external dependence on crude oil is about 51.3%, which has exceeded the international warning line of 50%. And as an emerging power with an increasing economic scale, the demand for energy will continue to rise. According to the forecast of the National Mineral Resources Planning (2008-2015) approved at the end of 2008, by 2020, China crude oil will be externally The dependency will reach 60%. The "Energy Blue Book" released last year predicted that China's foreign oil dependence will reach 64.5% after 10 years. In the absence of international pricing power, China's energy security is increasingly challenged, and energy security will become a core issue affecting the future sustainable development of China's economy.
China's rapid economic and social development, industrialization and urbanization are accelerating, and the pressure on energy resources is also growing. The energy structure is still unreasonable, and the environmental bearing pressure is relatively large, which restricts economic and social development. Solving the energy problem and providing stable, economic, clean and safe energy security is related to the overall situation of China's modernization. Meeting the needs of energy for economic development and people's lives, continuously improving energy efficiency and reducing pollution caused by the environment are the dual goals of sustainable energy use in China.
Energy saving and emission reduction is the first direction of energy policy
For China, energy conservation and emission reduction is not only a matter of bearing international responsibility, but a sharp issue related to China's energy security and residents' health. In the case of China's rapid economic growth, if we can not reduce energy consumption and reduce emissions, in the near future, we may face a serious energy gap, and the deterioration of the environment will threaten the collapse of the ecosystem. Therefore, China's energy policy must be based on energy conservation and emission reduction.
Industry accounts for 43% of GDP and is the dominant factor in China's economy. Industrial energy consumption accounts for more than 70% of the total social energy consumption. It is the most important industry that consumes energy, resources and produces environmental pollution. Since the "11th Five-Year Plan", under the correct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, and with the joint efforts of various departments, regions, and industries, China's energy conservation and emission reduction work has made positive progress, and the energy consumption per unit of industrial added value has continued to decline. The energy consumption per unit of GDP has played an important role. In 2006, 2007 and 2008, the industrial added value energy consumption of units above designated size decreased by 1.98%, 5.46% and 8.43% respectively compared with the previous year. The decline rate was higher than the energy consumption per unit of GDP during the same period. The energy consumption of major industrial products was different. The degree of reduction has accumulated a total of 370 million tons of standard coal energy savings.
At the same time, building energy efficiency is also imminent. Statistics show that the total energy consumption of building in China has increased year by year, and the proportion of total energy consumption has increased from 10% in the late 1970s to 27.8% in recent years. China is a country with coal as its main energy source. Because most of China's climatic conditions are characterized by hot summer and cold winter, China's buildings consume huge amounts of energy, and coal-fired emissions of a large number of harmful substances cause serious pollution to the environment. According to statistics, in 1999, China emitted 667 million tons of carbon dioxide, ranking second in the world, of which 85% was emitted by coal. In 2000, China emitted 1.95 million tons of sulfur dioxide, ranking first in the world, 90% of which was emitted by coal. As a result of pollutant emissions, 57% of urban particulate matter exceeds national standards, and 48 cities have sulfur dioxide concentrations exceeding national secondary emission standards.
Therefore, the introduction and implementation of any energy policy must focus on energy conservation and emission reduction, promote the rational adjustment of China's energy structure, and promote the development of new energy industry.
China's new energy industry will explode
At the end of November 2009, the Chinese government announced that by 2020, China’s carbon emissions per unit of GDP will be 40%-50% lower than that of 2005, although the global climate summit held in Copenhagen, Denmark last December did not reach an effective Binding agreement, but the emission reduction requirements due to climate warming are the common aspiration of all mankind, and future emission reduction efforts will not be weakened by the frustration of this climate conference. With regard to international obligations, the Chinese government will always do what it says, and 2010 will be the first year that China will blew into the epoch of the low-carbon economy. New energy is a major component of the low-carbon economy and can be expected in the next decade. China's economic structure will also occupy a more important strategic position.
At present, the development speed of solar energy with high degree of concern has skyrocketed. According to experts, the output value of solar thermal utilization industry in 2009 reached 57.85 billion yuan, with a growth rate of 30%-40%. The relevant person in charge of Linuoruite New Energy Co., Ltd. said that the solar water heater engineering market, rural and international markets have developed rapidly. In 2009, with the promotion of home appliances to the countryside, the rural market has grown rapidly, and China's solar energy international market has expanded to five. More than 80 countries and regions in the continent have experienced rapid growth. The scale of the national PV industry is also rapidly expanding. Recently, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Science and Technology, and the National Energy Administration jointly issued the Notice on Implementing the Golden Sun Demonstration Project. It is planned to use financial subsidies to support not less than 2 to 3 years. The 500 MW photovoltaic power generation demonstration project will become an invigorating agent for the development of solar photovoltaic explosion.
Under the control of the National Energy Commission, the new energy industry will embark on a more healthy and rational development path.
January 17, 2022
